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Passiflora manicata

(Juss.) Pers. (1806)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Malpighiales Family: Passifloraceae Genus: Passiflora

red passionflower

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Lianas.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades 3–lobed, 3–8 cm long, 4–10 cm wide. Upper surfaces sparsely pubescent especially along veins; lower surfaces densely pubescent. Margins serrate. Petioles with 6–8 subsessile nectaries ca. 0.5 mm long. Stipules orbicular, 5–7 mm long, margins coarsely dentate, persistent.

Flowers: Flowers solitary; bracts 3, ovate, coherent at base; hypanthium green, tubular, 1–1.5 cm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic, 9–11.8 cm in diameter. Calyx of 5 sepals, scarlet, imbricate, persistent. Corolla of 5 petals, scarlet, alternate with the sepals, imbricate, corona dark purple, in a single series, with teeth ca. 2–3 mm long. Stamens 5(–8), on an androgynophore; 5 whorls of filaments; anthers dithecal, versatile, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 3-carpellate, 1-celled, stipitate, placentation parietal; ovules numerous, anatropous; styles as many as carpels.

Fruit: Berries green; obovate to oblong; 3.5–5.5 cm long; 3–3.7 cm wide. Seeds numerous; seed coat bony; reticulate; with a fleshy apical aril; embryo embedded in copious oily; soft fleshy endosperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 18

Habitat: Disturbed sites in diverse mesic forest.

Elevation Range: 1030–1220 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Only found in cultivation

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • 1,030-1,220 m
  • Description digitized by Dylan Charter
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • Fruit collected on Kaua'i in 1938 (Meebold 26303, BISH).
  • Passiflora manicata is autogamous and easily crossed with P mollissima to produce ornamental hybrids (Escobar, 1985).

Bibliography

Name Published In: Syn. Pl. 2: 221 (1806)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1012 (K); Staples & Herbst 2005:450 (KEY), 451 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Passiflora manicata near Kokee Stream, Kokee, Waimea Preserved_Specimen Ozaki, E.T. 119 Kauai BISH 1953-12-25
2 Passiflora manicata Road to Kumuwela Lookout in shrubs and trees Preserved_Specimen Crosby, M.R. 1498 Kauai BISH 1964-06-19
3 Passiflora manicata Plews-Wichman compound, Kokee Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 1971 Kauai BISH 1971-07-04
4 Passiflora manicata Kokee Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21490 Kauai BISH 1951-12-30
5 Passiflora manicata Kokee, Mohihi Rd. at jct. of Camp Slogett Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5051 Kauai BISH 1983-08-30
6 Passiflora manicata Waimea, Kokee, along Mohihi Rd. near Water Tank Rd Preserved_Specimen Lammers, T.G. 5385 Kauai BISH 1983-08-30
7 Passiflora manicata Oahu Preserved_Specimen Strain, H.H. Oahu BISH 1948-08-01
8 Passiflora manicata Kokee Preserved_Specimen Pearsall, G.A. Kauai BISH 1947-01-01
9 Passiflora manicata Kokee Camps Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. Kauai BISH 1956-12-27
10 Passiflora manicata Kokee in a hedge Preserved_Specimen Meebold, A. 26303 Kauai BISH 1938-11-01
11 Passiflora manicata Waimea district; Kokee, along Mohihi road, near Rice compound, planted by water station Degraded Acacia koa-Metrosideros mesic forest now alien veg. with Eucalyptus, Grevilea robusta, Hedychium garnerium, Psidium cattleianum Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 22876 Kauai BISH 2012-05-21
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